Indus Valley Civilization



Indus Valley Civilization industry is one of the oldest civilization of the world which is mainly situated near river Indus. The sign of this Civilization are found in (Sindh) and (Punjab) provinces of Pakistan at Mohenjo-Daro and along with river Ravi at Harappa. About 1500 additional settlements and sign of this Civilization have also been discovered in Pakistan and western India. The Indus valley civilization consists of three periods

Primary period from 3800 BC to 2500 BC
Middle period from 2500 BC to1700 BC
Last period 1700 BC to 1300 BC
Ruins of Indus Valley Civilization
Mohenja Daro

 Mohenjo Daro is an ancient City of Indus civilization which is situated in district larkana, Province of Sindh (Pakistan). This city was the most important center of Indus Valley. Indus River flows on its Eastern part. The sign of Indus valley civilization was first discovered in 1922 in Mohenjo-daro during excavation of the land. Ornaments, clay, bronze, utensils, seals, carts, boats, toys, statues, spindles and skeletons of different animals were found. Bangles and beads of red clay are discovered from here which had been won by ladies and children.

Harappa

 Harappa is the second most important ancient city of Indus Valley Civilization. From this Civilization a lot of thing have been discovered. Solid clay utensils, seals and system of measures and weights are are found in it. Seals were made of solid clay, silver and copper. Different picture of elephant and humped bull are more prominent. Different tools were found which were made with bronze. Very huge resemblance has been found in very objects which have been found in both cities (Mohenjo Daro & Harrapa) because both cities were the part of Indus Valley Civilization.
Ornamints









Toys
Social system and its prominent features


Indus Valley system seems that it was run under a regular administration it was enforced to keep the system of weight and measurement correct and according to the standard. Sweeper were born to keep streets and pats clean. The society had been divided into different section. Town planning provides information about it. Majority of people had been poor. Grand palaces, temples and tombs were not seen in cities. Cotton was cultivated in Indus valley. Because spindles also have been found in homes which indicates that weaving cloth was also profession of these people. Different type of clay statues and printed cloths gave impression of textile industry.
Toys
Script
The people of Indus Valley civilization could read and write. Their mode of writing which was found is very interesting and complicated. A Supreme system of writing was introduce in that period which had 407 symbols. Many corner of this civilization will be still hidden because till now an expert does not read the words and the mode of writing of this Civilization.
Indus civilization Script


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